References
  1. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, Kopple JD. Reverse epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance dialysis patients. Kidney Int . 2003 Mar 1;63(3):793-808.
  2. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Horwich T, Fonarow GC. Reverse epidemiology of conventional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol . 2004 Apr 21;43(8):1439-1444.
  3. Mariscalco G, Wozniak MJ, Dawson AG, et al. Body mass index and mortality among adults undergoing cardiac surgery: a nationwide study with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation . 2017 Feb 28;135(9):850-863.
  4. Santana O, Reyna J, Grana R, Buendia M, Lamas GA, Lamelas J. Outcomes of minimally invasive valve surgery versus standard sternotomy in obese patients undergoing isolated valve surgery. Ann Thorac Surg . 2011 Feb 1;91(2):406-410.
  5. Mikus E, Calvi S, Brega C, et al. Minimally invasive aortic valve surgery in obese patients: Can the bigger afford the smaller? J Cardiac Surg . 2021 Feb;36(2):582-588.
  6. Chang C, Raza S, Altarabsheh SE, et al. Minimally invasive approaches to surgical aortic valve replacement: A meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg . 2018 Dec;106(6):1881-1889.
  7. Downs EA, Johnston LE, LaPar DJ, et al. Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery provides excellent outcomes without increased cost: A multi-institutional analysis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2016 Jul;102(1):14-21.
  8. Freeman GH, Halton JH. Note on an exact treatment of contingency, goodness of fit and other problems of significance. Biometrika . 1951:141-149.
  9. Reser D, Sündermann S, Grünenfelder J, et al. Obesity should not deter a surgeon from selecting a minimally invasive approach for mitral valve surgery. Innovations . 2013 May;8(3):225-229.
  10. Aljanadi F, Toolan C, Theologou T, Shaw M, Palmer K, Modi P. Is obesity associated with poorer outcomes in patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery? [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 23]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg . 2020;ezaa274.
  11. Nguyen NT, Magno CP, Lane KT, Hinojosa MW, Lane JS. Association of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome with obesity: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004. J Am Coll Surg . 2008;207(6):928-934.
  12. Ghanta RK, LaPar DJ, Zhang Q, Devarkonda V, Isbell JM, Yarboro LT, et al. Obesity increases risk‐adjusted morbidity, mortality, and cost following cardiac surgery. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(3):e003831.
  13. Landi F, Calvani R, Picca A, Tosato M, Martone AM, Ortolani E, et al. Body mass index is strongly associated with hypertension: Results from the longevity check-up 7+ study. Nutrients . 2018;10(12):1976.
  14. Terada T, Johnson JA, Norris C, Padwal R, Qiu W, Sharma AM, et al. Severe obesity is associated with increased risk of early complications and extended length of stay following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5(6):e003282.
  15. Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomström-Lundqvist C, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Euro Heart J. 2020 Aug 29.
  16. Lavie CJ, Pandey A, Lau DH, Alpert MA, Sanders P. Obesity and atrial fibrillation prevalence, pathogenesis, and prognosis: effects of weight loss and exercise. J Am Coll Cardiol.2017;70(16):2022-2035.