Inclusion and exclusion criteria:
Only randomised controlled trials (RCT) were eligible for this review.
The eligibility criteria of the study participants involved obese
subjects (BMI ≥ 30), adults (18-69 years of age), metabolically healthy
participants (no co-morbid diseases such as diabetes or insulin
resistance), non-smokers. The diet intervention eligibility criteria
were based on hypocaloric (at least Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)-250
kcal/day), high-protein diets (at least 25% of diet comes from
proteins). High-protein diets with a sole focus on plant-proteins,
intermittent-fasting and studies shorter than 4 weeks were excluded.
Finally, the control diets had to be hypocaloric, and less than 25% of
diet macronutrient composed of protein, if there were no control diets
in the RCT, the study would still be included in the systematic review.