Background:
Lactating adenomas are benign tumors of the breast and are most commonly found during pregnancy and lactation [1]. They are mostly small (less than 3 cm) and slow-growing, although some cases of larger lactating adenomas have been reported in the literature as rare entities [2]. This is a very complex case of benign lactating adenosis to be reported in Sudan. However, little is known about lactating adenosis and other benign breast tumors. The origin of lactating adenomas is disputed. However, it is believed to be either De Novo or a modification of a pre-existing lesion such as fibroadenoma or tubular adenoma, reflecting the changes resulting from the physiological state of pregnancy induced mainly by hormones [1,3,4]. Nevertheless, the exact physiological mechanism of the role of hormones in such growth remains controversial; some studies have linked the rapid growth with the concentration of prolactin [5]. The heterogeneity in the glandular component of lactating adenomas may be encountered, hence the difficulty in distinguishing between lactating adenosis, benign phyllodes, and adenocarcinoma of the breast may arise [6]. Overall, lactating adenosis known to have benign behavior and does not carry a high risk of malignant transformation [7]. Lactating adenosis has got very little interest in Sudanese literature, all focus is on the malignant neoplasm of the breast, however the complex cases of benign breast neoplasm usually add some clinical complexities and management difficulties for many Sudanese clinicians which may associated with negative impact on some patients. This article aims to discuss a case of bilateral complex lactating adenosis mimic cancer features in young Sudanese female as well as review in literature and analyses the clinical practice of such kinds of complex benign neoplasms of the breast.