Background:
Lactating adenomas are benign tumors of the breast and are most commonly
found during pregnancy and lactation [1]. They are mostly small
(less than 3 cm) and slow-growing, although some cases of larger
lactating adenomas have been reported in the literature as rare entities
[2]. This is a very complex case of benign lactating adenosis to be
reported in Sudan. However, little is known about lactating adenosis and
other benign breast tumors. The origin of lactating adenomas is
disputed. However, it is believed to be either De Novo or a modification
of a pre-existing lesion such as fibroadenoma or tubular adenoma,
reflecting the changes resulting from the physiological state of
pregnancy induced mainly by hormones [1,3,4]. Nevertheless, the
exact physiological mechanism of the role of hormones in such growth
remains controversial; some studies have linked the rapid growth with
the concentration of prolactin [5]. The heterogeneity in the
glandular component of lactating adenomas may be encountered, hence the
difficulty in distinguishing between lactating adenosis, benign
phyllodes, and adenocarcinoma of the breast may arise [6]. Overall,
lactating adenosis known to have benign behavior and does not carry a
high risk of malignant transformation [7]. Lactating adenosis has
got very little interest in Sudanese literature, all focus is on the
malignant neoplasm of the breast, however the complex cases of benign
breast neoplasm usually add some clinical complexities and management
difficulties for many Sudanese clinicians which may associated with
negative impact on some patients. This article aims to discuss a case of
bilateral complex lactating adenosis mimic cancer features in young
Sudanese female as well as review in literature and analyses the
clinical practice of such kinds of complex benign neoplasms of the
breast.