Determination of landscape parameter
Both landscape parameters, cover arable fields and landscape heterogeneity, were determined on the basis of the biotope mapping of the federal state Brandenburg (lfu.brandenburg.de/lfu/de/aufgaben/natur/biotopschutz/biotopkartierung/). The map distinguishes a large variety of habitats. However, for this study, we used only the twelve main habitat categories: arable fields (64% cover within the study area), forests (13%), grasslands (11%), swamps (2%), built-up areas (3%), standing waters (3%), anthropogenic immature soils (2%), deciduous copse and avenues of trees (1%), parks and cemeteries (1%), dwarf shrub heaths (<1%), streaming water including shores (<1%) and special biotopes (<1%). For small parts of our study area in the federal state Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, we conducted a biotope mapping by ourselves with the help of aerial images. Arable field cover is defined as the percentage of arable field cover around the traps for a specific radius. Landscape heterogeneity is defined as the Shannon-Diversity of main habitat types weighted by their coverage (Maskell et al. 2019). We calculated both landscape predictors for continuous radii from 60m – 3000m. Cover of arable fields and landscape heterogeneity were shown to have a scale-dependent correlation (Supplementary information, Appendix 2). At small scales (<500m) no significant clear correlation was found, whereas at larger scales (>500m) both measures tended to be negatively related to each other.