4.2 Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of isorhamnetin
Isorhamnetin, a natural flavonoid, is commonly found in various plants
and plant-delivered foods, such as wine, nuts, and olive oil.
Quercetin,
another plant flavanol, has been shown to have various beneficial health
(Cogolludo et al., 2007; Heiss et al., 2010; Serban et al., 2016).
According to reports on the
bioavailability of quercetin, most absorbed quercetin is methylated and
converted to isorhamnetin (Li et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2010).
Isorhamnetin has also been shown to have cardioprotective effects
induced by doxorubicin hydrochloride, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion,
aortic binding, and AngII infusion by suppressing cardiac oxidation,
hypertrophy, and fibrosis (Aonuma et al., 2020; Gong et al., 2020; Sun
et al., 2012; Sun et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2020).
Additionally,
previous reports have suggested the possible effects of isorhamnetin on
Ca2+ channels and currents (Saponara et al., 2011; Zhu
et al., 2005). Based on these findings, in the current study, we
explored whether isorhamnetin could possibly inhibit AF vulnerability by
improving morphological abnormalities and regulating
Ca2+-handling.
In the present study, we found that AngII increased the AF induction
rate, prolonged AF duration, and decreased AERP. However, these effects
were reversed with isorhamnetin (Fig.
1B-D).