8. Prevention by “One Health approach”:
One Health (OH) approach has been described by the American Veterinary
Medical Association as an integrative effort of multiple disciplines
working locally, nationally and globally to gain optimal health for the
humans, animals and the environment (American Veterinary Medical
Association, 2008). The OH would be useful for a better understanding of
the emerging and re-emerging diseases epidemiology, transmission
dynamics and pathobiology. Hypothetically, different countries have
approached implementing the principles of OH in various infectious
diseases with variable success and challenges (Okello et al., 2014).
Previously, the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) in Eastern Africa Region during
2006-07 outbreak played a vital role in galvanizing collaboration in OH
approaches among researchers, international organizations and government
departments to alleviate effects of future outbreaks and catalyzed the
essential for perfect understanding and implementation of OH approach
with an attention on supporting continued animal health surveillance
activities (Breiman et al., 2010). RVF caused by a virus, namely
phlebovirus that causesthe disease to animals and mosquitoes and can
spread both by animal secretions and mosquito (Aedes ) bites
(Flick and Bouloy, 2005; Linthicum et al., 1998). China has been
implementing OH approaches for the coronavirus outbreaks in thepast and
the present viz. SARS in 2002-03 and SARS-CoV-2 since 2019 and also for
various other infectious diseases as well, which may have been prevented
unnoticed (Menachery et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2017;
Zheng et al., 2019; El Zowalaty and Järhult, 2020).Several studies
reported that implementing OH approach against COVD-19 (Yoo and Yoo,
2020; Bonilla-Aldana et al., 2020).India also implemented OH
surveillance system against COVD-19, which may be helpful tomitigate CQV
infection on the whole (Yasobant et al., 2020; Manoj, 2020) to avoid
huge loss.