Statistical analysis
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation or mean ± stanard
error of the mean from at least three independent experiments. The
unpaired Student’s t - test for comparing two groups or one-way
analysis of variance for comparing multiple groups was used to analyze
statistical significance using GraphPad Prism 8 (GraphPad Software, San
Diego, CA, USA). Hierarchical cluster analysis of different metabolites
was performed by Python. The raw metabolomic intensity of each
metabolite from two groups was transformed into the
Log2 value of normalized intensity. For all
statistical analyses, a significant difference was accepted at P< 0.05.