5. Conclusions and prospects
JAK/STAT signaling is getting more recognition in its vital role in cell
growth, survival, development, and differentiation of immune and
epithelial cells. And multiple JAK inhibitors have been approved for
treating inflammation disease. Recent studies about JAK inhibitors for
treating COVID-related ARDS, present the possibility of JAK/STAT in
pharmacotherapeutic ARDS. This review summarized the corresponds of
JAK/STAT and ARDS, expounded the JAK inhibitor’s research status in
treating ARDS and discussed the future trends in design and strategy of
JAK inhibitors. The mechanism of ARDS is complex. Although it has passed
decades from the ARDS was first defined, there is sincerely any progress
in the therapeutic pharmacy of ARDS. Based on the current findings,
JAK/STAT is probably to be an outbreak in this field.
JAK/STAT is critical in the signal transduction of many important
inflammation cytokines which play a vital role in ARDS ”cytokine
storm”. JAK/STAT is also participated in the epithelial homeostasis and
pulmonary physiopathology. As JAK inhibitors is starting its clinical
trials in ARDS, there are also many items to be considered. To continue
to expand JAK inhibitors usage, there is a need for further development
and refinement of efficient selective JAK inhibitors. In different type
and cause of ARDS, JAK inhibitors may have different pharmacological
effects. We also need more studies to find out the outcome of JAK
inhibitors in different stage of ARDS and how many diagnose indicators
are ameliorated in the progress.
Additionally, the canonical and non-canonical JAK/STAT signaling and
their role in the ARDS is looking forward to be fully revealed to
discover novel targets of ARDS. It also prompts investigation of
understudying the JAK/STAT role in pulmonary pathophysiology and promote
the therapy of other pulmonary diseases.