Introduction
Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast, rod-shaped bacillus, obligate intracellular pathogen causing leprosy, or Hansen disease. Leprosy is a chronic slowly growing granulomatous disease involving the skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, and mucosa of upper respiratory tract. It is usually found in tropical and developing countries. Leprosy occurrence in Saudi Arabia is rare, it was reported that 242 freshly diagnosed leprosy cases were in Saudi Arabia from 2003 to 2012. According to the Ridley and Jopling classification system, there are five types of leprosy: lepromatous (LL), tuberculoid (TT), borderline borderline (BB), borderline lepromatous (BL) and borderline tuberculoid (BT). They have also used the term indeterminate leprosy (IL) when a biopsy sample shows evidence of leprosy without a clear clinical manifestation. (3) If left untreated, leprosy can cause progressive and permanent damage to the skin, nerves, limbs, and eyes. Thus, rapid recognition is crucial to avoid complications of leprosy.