Inactivated vaccine fueled adaptive immune responses to Omicron
in 2-year COVID-19 convalescents
Maoshun Liu1,2,#, Jie
Zhang3,4,5,#, Lei Li1,2, Jinmin
Tian6,2, Mengjie Yang1,2, Bingli
Shang1,2, Xin Wang2,7, Min
Li2, Hongmei Li1,2, Can
Yue2,8, Sijia Yao1,2, Ying
Lin2,7, Yuanyuan Guo2,7, Kexin
Zong1,2, Danni Zhang2, Yingze
Zhao2, Kun Cai9, Shaobo
Dong10, Shengping Xu10, Jianbo
Zhan9, Yongzhong Jiang9, George F.
Gao6,1,2,7,8,11,12,*, and William J.
Liu1,2,12,*
1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical
Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education,
School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
2NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute
for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease
Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China.
3Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious
Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
4Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing,
100015, China.
5National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing
Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China.
6School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
7Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health,
Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong 250100,
China.
8Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
9Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and
Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China.
10Macheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,
Huanggang 438300, China.
11CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and
Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
(CAS), Beijing 100101, China.
12Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of
Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206,
China.
# Maoshun Liu and Jie Zhang contributed equally to this work.
* Corresponding Author:
William J. Liu, PhD; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and
Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China
CDC), Changping District, Beijing 102206, China. Tel.: 86-10-63510565;
Fax: 86-10-63510565; E-mail:liujun@ivdc.chinacdc.cn;
George F. Gao, DPhil; Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China. Tel.: 86-10-64807688; Fax:
86-10-64807882; E-mail:gaof@im.ac.cn.
Running Head: Hybrid adaptive immune responses to
Omicron.