Figure 3. Columbidae continental (Australia, Old World, Americas) versus insular (Indian Ocean, Wallacea, West Melanesia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines) biogeographic model summaries. A) insular (green) versus continental (red) endemic cladogensis; B) continental versus insular lineage accumulation; C) inferred upstream (insular to continental) versus downstream (continent alto insular) dispersals; and D) colonisations into (all from islands) and out of Australia, juxtaposed against estimates of endemic cladogensis in Australia (dotted line). Dispersal event and geographic state mean and variation drawn from 200 node marginal re-samplings each of 100 posterior sample trees, summarized into 20 two-million year time bins. All biogeographic model result plots show median values, with 50% confidence intervals indicated by colour-shading.