4. Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin (= Clade DC3)
Basionym: Tamus communis L., Sp. Pl.: 1028. 1753.
= Tamus communis (L.) f. subtriloba (Guss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo – Fl. Països Catalans 4: 171 (2001).
- Lectotype (designated by Ferrer-Gallego & Boisset, 2016): ”habitat in Europa australi”, anon ., Herb. Linn. No. 1181.2 (LINN!).
Heterotypic synonym: Tamus communis L. var. subtrilobaGuss., Fl. Siculae Syn. 2(2): 880 (1884). Tamus communisL. f. subtriloba (Guss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo, Fl. Països Catalans 4: 171 (2001). Lectotype (designated by Ferrer-Gallego & Boisset, 2016): Italy, Sicily, Palermo, Vergine Maria, April–May,anon. (NAP).
Perennial herb, glabrous. Stem, striated, branched. Leaves cordate, rarely trilobed, up to 180 × 150 mm, with 3–9 prominent main nerves and secondary reticulated nerves not visible. Male inflorescence branched, up to 35 cm with up to 73 flowers in total, short female inflorescence up to 7 cm with 1–14 flowers, turbinate-infundibuliform, greenish-yellow. Fruit a somewhat tapered, globose berry, 7 to 12 mm, reddish-orange. Pollen grains (Supplementary Data Figure S8) with two apertures with longer axis up to 36 µm and shorter axis up to 30 µm. Perforated with 0.5 perforations per µm and perforation size up to 1.2 µm, without spines. Western and central Mediterranean, western Europe. 2n = 96.