Null models
In the current study, null models consist of SDMs comparing the addition
of the known interacting species of the modelled bee to the addition of
any other visited plant or a bee that is parasitized on (fig. 1;
Appendix S3). These null models allow us to distinguish the specificity
of the relations as opposed to emerging relations due to shared habitats
or similar sampling locations (e.g., plants and bees may be sampled in
similar areas). The null models with the interacting species at species
and genus level resulted in a total of 263,952 models for the flower
visiting bees and 21,200 for the cleptoparasitic bees (Appendix S3). The
evaluation AUC of the model with the interacting species was ranked
among the null models per species and the percentage rank was compared
among groups. We analysed per species the ranking of the model with the
interacting species compared to the models with random interactions and
calculated the percentage of modelled species that were among the 5%
and 25% best performing models.