physiological and pathological processes.
Significance Statement: Thalamo-cortical loops are associated with
sensory processing, memory formation, executive functions, many of which
are tightly related with sleep state-dependent neural oscillations, such
as sleep spindles. It was proposed that sleep-related epileptic
transformation of normal neurological networks interfere with
sleep-related synaptic homeostasis, neural plasticity, and cognitive
functioning. We had a unique opportunity to investigate the association
between thalamic sleep spindles and ripples, and their associations with
intellectual ability within two higher-order thalamic nuclei in human
subjects, the anterior thalamic and mediodorsal thalamic nuclei.