Figure 7. Thalamocortical spindle lags by ripple occurrence. Histograms show the time lag difference of scalp minus thalamic spindles by scalp region, thalamic nucleus, ripple presence and spindle type (slow or fast), pooled across all patients. Vertical green lines show the mean lag and red lines indicate the 95% CIs. Negative values indicate that spindles preferentially occur on the scalp first and vice versa. Axis X on each histogram is truncated at [-1 1] seconds for optimal visibility.