Variables
Variables
Control (n=170) GDM (n=171) PGDM (n=161) ANOVA p value Post Hoc-Bonferroni test p value Post Hoc-Bonferroni test p value Post Hoc-Bonferroni test p value
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Control vs GDM Control vs PGDM GDM vs PGDM
Age (y) Age (y) 27.4±5.1 28.4±4.2 30.9±3.9 0.002 0.415 <0.001 0.011
OGTT (fasting) (mg/dl) OGTT (fasting) (mg/dl) 75.4±5.4 83.3±10.4 - - <0.001 - -
OGTT (1st hour) (mg/dl) OGTT (1st hour) (mg/dl) 158.3±8.4 188.2±14.7 - - <0.001 - -
OGTT (2nd hour) (mg/dl) OGTT (2nd hour) (mg/dl) 131.4±13.3 163.1±13.4 - - <0.001 - -
HbA1c (%) HbA1c (%) 4.7±0.4 6±1.1 6.3±0.3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.021
BMI (kg/m2) BMI (kg/m2) 28.8±3.1 29.4±1.9 30.7±0.9 0.345 0.974 0.047 0.119
Gravida Gravida 2.1±0.7 2.8±1.4 3±0.5 0.764 0.541 0.081 0.314
Parity Parity 1.1±0.6 1.5±1.1 1.6±1.2 0.614 0.405 0.097 0.611
Birthweight (g) Birthweight (g) 3516±451 3496±397 3584±442 0.087 0.265 0.341 0.106
BPD (mm) BPD (mm) 71.5±1.9 72.8±2.7 71.9±2.4 0.208 0.461 0.219 0.304
HC (mm) HC (mm) 263.4±5.1 267.7±5.3 264.4±6.7 0.358 0.109 0.271 0.186
AC (mm) AC (mm) 244.1±6.6 253.7±4.5 257.7±5.1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
FL (mm) FL (mm) 54.7±1.7 54.3±5.7 58.5±5.9 0.482 0.457 0.387 0.297
DVP (mm) DVP (mm) 50.7±4.7 54.3±5.7 58.5±5.7 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Gender (%) Male 49.4 50.7 48.1 0.772 0.548 0.427 0.588
Female 50.6 49.3 51.9
EFT (mm) EFT (mm) 1.19±0.049 1.40±0.082 1.47±0.083 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001