Figure 1. Comparisons of sleep quality (PSQI) and severity of
insomnia symptoms (ISI) between Atopic Dermatitis (grey) and Control
(white) groups. Center lines show the medians; box limits indicate the
25th and 75th percentiles; whiskers extend to the 5th and 95th
percentiles; dots represent outliers; crosses represent sample means.
Significant differences are indicated with asterisks (** p <
0.01).
Abbreviations: PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; ISI,
Insomnia Severity Index.
Figure 2. Comparisons of depressive symptoms (BDI-II), anxiety
(GAD-7), and perceived stress (PSS-10) between Atopic Dermatitis (grey)
and Control (white) groups. Center lines show the medians; box limits
indicate the 25th and 75thpercentiles; whiskers extend to the 5th and 95th percentiles; dots
represent outliers; crosses represent sample means. Significant
differences are indicated with asterisks (* p < 0.05).
Abbreviations: BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-second edition;
GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PSS-10, Perceived Stress
Scale-10; N.S., not significant.
Figure 3. Scatter plots and the corresponding regression lines
for the relationships between severity of atopic eczema measures (EASI
and POEM; independent variables) and sleep questionnaire scores (PSQI
and ISI; dependent variables). Significant differences are indicated
with asterisks (*** p < 0.001).
Abbreviations: EASI, Eczema Area and Severity Index; POEM,
Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index;
ISI, Insomnia Severity Index.
Figure 4. Scatter plots and the corresponding regression lines
for the relationships between severity of AD measures (EASI and POEM;
independent variables) and psychological status questionnaire scores
(BDI-II, GAD-7, and PSS-10; dependent variables). Significant
differences are indicated with asterisks (*** p < 0.001, ** p
< 0.01, * p < 0.05).
Abbreviations: EASI, Eczema Area and Severity Index; POEM,
Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure; BDI-II, Beck Depression
Inventory-second edition; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PSS-10,
Perceived Stress Scale-10; N.S., not significant.