1 Introduction
Congenital bronchobiliary fistula (CBBF) refers to the abnormal traffic between the biliary system and the bronchial tree. CBBF is a rare disease and easily misdiagnosed as pneumonia or other diseases in clinical practice, which resulting in delayed treatment and worse outcomes [1,2]. Few studies have reported the role of bilirubin crystallization detection in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for diagnosis CBBF[3]. Here, we reported an infant with recurrent pneumonia who admitted to Children‘s hospital, Chongqing Medical University. She was diagnosed with CBBF combined positive bilirubin crystallization detection in BALF with related chest CT images and recovered after surgery. The detection of bilirubin crystallization in BALF plays important diagnostic value in patients suspected with CBBF[3,4]. Surgery is the first choice for CBBF patients[3-6]. Next, we collected literature about patients with CBBF so as to further improve the recognition and early intervention.