1 Introduction
Congenital bronchobiliary fistula (CBBF) refers to the abnormal traffic
between the biliary system and the bronchial tree. CBBF is a rare
disease and easily misdiagnosed as pneumonia or other diseases in
clinical practice, which resulting in delayed treatment and worse
outcomes [1,2]. Few studies have reported the role
of bilirubin crystallization detection in the bronchoalveolar lavage
fluid (BALF) for diagnosis CBBF[3]. Here, we
reported an infant with recurrent pneumonia who admitted to Childrenâs
hospital, Chongqing Medical University. She was diagnosed with CBBF
combined positive bilirubin crystallization detection in BALF with
related chest CT images and recovered after surgery. The detection of
bilirubin crystallization in BALF plays important diagnostic value in
patients suspected with CBBF[3,4]. Surgery is the
first choice for CBBF patients[3-6]. Next, we
collected literature about patients with CBBF so as to further improve
the recognition and early intervention.