References
  1. Henry JA, Hoffman JR. Continuing controversy on gut decontamination. Lancet 1998;352:420-421.
  2. Greene S, Harris C, Singer J. Gastric decontamination of the poisoned patient. Paediatric Emergency Care 2008;24:176-189.
  3. Tominack R. Gastrointestinal decontamination: maybe we’re both right (commentary). J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2000;38:691-692.
  4. Bailey B. Gastrointestinal decontamination triangle. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2005;43:59-60.
  5. Höjer J, Troutman WG, Hoppu K, Erdman A, Benson BE, Mégarbane B, Thanacoody R, Bedry R, Caravati EM; American Academy of Clinical Toxicology; European Association of Poison Centres and Clinical Toxicologists. Position paper update: ipecac syrup for gastrointestinal decontamination. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2013;51:134-139.
  6. Benson BE, Hoppu K, Troutman WG, Bedry R, Erdman A, Höjer J, Mégarbane B, Thanacoody R, Caravati EM; American Academy of Clinical Toxicology; European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists. Position paper update: gastric lavage for gastrointestinal decontamination. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2013;51:140-146.
  7. Chyka PA, Seger D, Krenzelok EP, Vale JA; American Academy of Clinical Toxicology; European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists. Position paper: single dose activated charcoal. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2005;43:61-87.
  8. Tenenbein M. Whole bowel irrigation as a gastrointestinal decontamination procedure after acute poisoning. Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp 1988;3:77-84.
  9. American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists. Position paper: whole bowel irrigation. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1997;35:753-762.
  10. American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists. Position paper: whole bowel irrigation. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2004;42:843-854.
  11. Thanacoody R et al. Position paper update: Whole bowel irrigation for gastrointestinal decontamination of overdose patients. Clin Tox (Phila) 2015;53:5-12.
  12. Tenenbein M. The role of whole bowel irrigation in the treatment of toxic ingestions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023 Jan 13. doi: 10.1111/bcp.15652.
  13. Tenebein M, Cohen S, Sitar DS. Whole bowel irrigation as a decontamination procedure after acute overdose. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:905-907.
  14. Kirshenbaum LA, Mathews SC, Sitar DS, Tenebein M. Whole bowel irrigation versus activated charcoal in sorbitol for the ingestion of modified-release pharmaceuticals. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989;46:264-271.
  15. Smith SW, Ling LJ, Halstenson CE. Whole bowel irrigation as a treatment for acute lithium overdose. Ann Emerg Med 1991;20:536-539.
  16. Lapatto-Reiniluoto O, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Activated charcoal alone and followed by whole bowel irrigation in preventing the absorption of sustained release drugs. Clin Phamacol Ther 2001;70:255-260.
  17. Kumar VV, Oscarsson S, Friberg LE, Isbister GK, Hackett LP, Duffull SB. The effect of decontamination procedures on the pharmacokinetics of venlafaxine in overdose. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009;86:403-410.
  18. Kumar VV, Isbister GK, Duffull SB. The effect of decontamination procedures on the pharmacodynamics of venlafaxine in overdose. Br J Clin Pharmcol 2011;72:125-132.
  19. Deguigne M et al. Whole-bowel irrigation in cases of poisoning: A retrospective multicentre study of feasibility, tolerability, and effectiveness. Aust Crit Care 2022; Apr 27;S1036-7314(22)00039-X. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2022.03.007.
  20. Vodovar D, Megarbane B. Assessing effectiveness of whole bowel irrigation in poisoning: A laudable effort but still insufficient evidence. Aust Crit Care 2022.
  21. Bryant SM, WEiselberg R, Metz J, Wahl M, Aks SE. Should no bowel irrigation be a higher priority than whole bowel irrigation in the treatment of sustained release product ingestions? Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2008;46:266 (abstract).
  22. Deguigne MB et al. Lithium poisoning: the value of early digestive tract decontamination. Clin Tox (Phila) 2013;51:243-248.
  23. Lo JCY, Ubaldo C, Cantrell FL. A retrospective review of whole bowel irrigation in pediatric patients. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2012;50:414-417.
  24. Beckley I, Ansari NAA, Khwaja HA, Mohnsen Y. Clinical management of cocaine body packers: the Hillingdon experience. Can J Surg 2009;52:417-421.
  25. Traub SJ, Hoffman RS, Nelson LS. Body packing – the internal concealment of illicit drugs. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2519-2526.
  26. Bryant SM, Weiselberg R, Metz J, Wahl M, Aks SE. Treating body stuffers with whole bowel irrigation: should we flush the procedure? Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2008;46:621 (abstract).
  27. Farmer JW, Chan SB. Whole bowel irrigation for contraband body packers. J Clin Gastroenterol 2003;37:147-150.
  28. Cumpston KL, Aks SE, Sigg T, Pallasch E. Whole bowel irrigation and the haemodynamically unstable calcium channel blocker overdose: primum non nocere. J Emerg Med 2010;38:171-174.
  29. de Graaf P, Slagt C, de Graaf JL, Loffeld RJ. Fatal aspiration of polyethylene glycol solution. Neth J Med 2006;64:196-198.
  30. Metheny NA, Meert KL. Administering polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution via a nasogastric tube: pulmonary complications. Am J Crit Care;26:e11e17.
  31. Nissen T, Wynn R. The clinical case report: a review of its merits and limitations. BMC Res Notes 2014;7:264.