References
  1. Stevenson, D.K., & Wong, R.J. 2021. The biology of bilirubin production: detection and inhibition.Pediatric Medicine.
  2. Kim TY, Lee SH, Kim TJ, et al. 2002. Taehan Kan Hakhoe Chi. 2002;8(1):100-104.
  3. Gao Y, Li W, Meng QH, Liu HX, Zhu YK. 2016. Analysis of 15 patients with abnormal liver function as the first systemic lupus erythematosus symptom. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 79(2):441-446.
  4. Ebert, E.C., Hagspiel, K.D. 2011. Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Gastroenterol 45(5):436-441.
  5. Afzal W, Haghi M, Hasni SA, Newman KA. 2020. Lupus hepatitis more than just elevated liver enzymes. Scand J Rheumatol49(6):427-433.
  6. Runyon BA, LaBrecque DR, Anuras S. 1980. The spectrum of liver disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Report of 33 histologically-proved cases and review of the literature. Am J Med .69(2):187-194.
  7. Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DE, Hinds TD Jr. 2021. Bilirubin as a metabolic hormone: the physiological relevance of low levels. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab . 2021;320(2):E191-E207.
  8. Wu B, Wu Y, Tang W. 2019. Heme Catabolic Pathway in Inflammation and Immune Disorders[J].Front Pharmacol 10:825.
  9. Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DE, Hinds TD Jr. 2021. Bilirubin as a metabolic hormone: the physiological relevance of low levels. Am J P hysiol Endocrinol Metab 320(2):E191-E207.
  10. Koren E, Schnitz W, Reichlin M. 1993. Concomitant development of chronic active hepatitis and antibodies to ribosomal P proteins in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 36(9):1325-1328.
  11. Pasoto SG, Viana VS, Bonfa E. 2014. The clinical utility of anti-ribosomal P autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.Expert Rev Clin Immunol 10(11): 1493-1503.
  12. Pauli-Magnus C, Meier PJ. 2005. Hepatocellular transporters and Cholestasis. J Clin Gastroenterol .39(4 Suppl 2): S103-S110.
  13. Tell G, Gustincich S. 2009. Redox state, oxidative stress, and molecular mechanisms of protective and toxic effects of bilirubin on cells. Curr Pharm Des 15(25): 2908-2914.
  14. Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli B, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D. 2017. Autoimmune hepatitis: Standard treatment and systematic review of alternative therapies. World J Gastroenterol 23(33):6030-6048.
  15. Lamers MM, van Oijen MG, Pronk M, Drenth JP. 2010. Treatment options for autoimmune hepatitis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Hepatol 53(1):191-198.
  16. Soto M.A., Sánchez-Hidalgo M., Alarcón-De-La-Lastra C. 2017. An update on diet and nutritional factors in systemic lupus erythematosus management. Nutr. Res. Rev30:118–137.
  17. Lazaridis KN, LaRusso NF. 2016. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.N Engl J Med 375(12):1161-1170.
  18. Arulprakash S, Sasi AD, Bala MR, Pugazhendhi T, Kumar SJ. 2010. Overlap syndrome: autoimmune hepatitis with primary biliary cirrhosis.J Assoc Physicians India 58:455-456.
  19. Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli B, Invernizzi P, Gershwin ME, Mainetti C. 2017. Skin Manifestations Associated with Autoimmune Liver Diseases: a Systematic Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol . 53(3):394-412.
  20. Takahashi A, Abe K, Saito R, et al. 2013. Liver dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Intern Med . 52(13):1461-1465.
  21. González-Regueiro JA, Cruz-Contreras M, Merayo-Chalico J, et al. 2020. Hepatic manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus 29(8):813-824.
  22. V ergani D, Mackay IR, Mieli-Vergani G . 2014. Hepatitis. In: Mackay I (ed) The autoimmune diseases, 5rd edn. Academic Press , Boston, pp 889–907
  23. Sarcognato S, Sacchi D, Grillo F, et al. 2021. Autoimmune biliary diseases: primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Pathologica 113(3):170-184.
  24. Zen Y, Hübscher SG, Nakanuma Y. Bile duct diseases. Burt AD, Ferrell LD, Hübscher SG, eds. 2018.MacSween’s pathology of the liver . 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; p. 515.
  25. Hirschfield GM, Karlsen TH, Adams DH, et al. 2013. Primary sclerosing cholangitis. Lancet 382:1587-1599.
  26. He Q, Jiang K, Xie L. 2019. The Relationship between Bilirubin Levels and Patients with Lupus Nephritis. Clin Lab 65(4):10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.181125.
  27. Ferdous, N., Ghosh, J., & Islam, M.N. 2022. A Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Severe Jaundice. Journal of Medicine .