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\begin{document}

\title{Constraining plant hydraulics with microwave radiometry in a land
surface model: Impacts of temporal resolution}



\author[1]{Nataniel M Holtzman}%
\author[2]{Yujie Wang}%
\author[3]{Jeffrey David Wood}%
\author[2]{Christian Frankenberg}%
\author[1]{Alexandra Konings}%
\affil[1]{Stanford University}%
\affil[2]{California Institute of Technology}%
\affil[3]{University of Missouri}%


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  \date{May 17, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Vegetation water content (VWC) plays a key role in transpiration, plant
mortality, and wildfire risk. Although land surface models now often
contain plant hydraulics schemes, there are few direct VWC measurements
to constrain these models at global scale. One proposed solution to this
data gap is passive microwave remote sensing, which is sensitive to
temporal changes in VWC. Here, we test that approach by using synthetic
microwave observations to constrain VWC and surface soil moisture within
the CliMA Land model. We further investigate the possible utility of
sub-daily observations of VWC, which could be obtained through a
satellite in geostationary orbit or combinations of multiple satellites.
These high-temporal-resolution observations could allow for improved
determination of ecosystem parameters, carbon and water fluxes, and
subsurface hydraulics, relative to the currently available twice-daily
sun-synchronous observational patterns. We find that incorporating
observations at four different times in the diurnal cycle (such as could
be available from two sun-synchronous satellites) provides a
significantly better constraint on water and carbon fluxes than
twice-daily observations do. For example, the root mean square errors
(RMSE) of projected evapotranspiration and gross primary productivity
during drought periods was reduced by approximately 40\%, when using
four-times-daily relative to twice-daily observations. Adding hourly
observations of the entire diurnal cycle did not further improve the
inferred parameters and fluxes. Our comparison of observational
strategies may be informative in the design of future satellite missions
to study plant hydraulics, as well as when using existing remotely
sensed data to study vegetation water stress response.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`965027_0_art_file_11050775_rvm3t8.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/627256/articles/648289-constraining-plant-hydraulics-with-microwave-radiometry-in-a-land-surface-model-impacts-of-temporal-resolution}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`965027_0_supp_11050776_rvmyt8.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/627256/articles/648289-constraining-plant-hydraulics-with-microwave-radiometry-in-a-land-surface-model-impacts-of-temporal-resolution}

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