Fig. 3. KVX-053 reduces S1SP-inuced alveolar “cytokine storm” in BALF 72 h after S1SP instillation. Means ± SEM; n = 6-10 mice/group; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; S1SP, subunit 1 of spike protein.
Fig. 4. Histological evaluation of therapeutic properties of KVX-053 against S1SP-induced acute lung injury. H&E staining of lung sections demonstrates septal thickening, neutrophil infiltration, and edema in S1SP-instilled mice and a mild leukocyte infiltration in S1SP-instilled mice, treated with KVX-053 (10 mg/kg i.p./day) (A). The Lung Injury Score quantifies severe lung injury in S1SP-instilled mice compared to control mice, and milder pathology in S1SP-instilled and treated with KVX-053.Black scale bar = 50 μm, white scale bar = 10 μm. Means ± SEM; n = 6 mice/group; ***P < 0.001 with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test.