Subspecies [1]
|
Plectrophenax nivalis
nivalis |
Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis |
Plectrophenax
nivalis nivalis |
Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis |
Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi |
Plectrophenax nivalis
townsendi |
Migratory/
Resident
|
Migratory [1]
|
Migratory [1]
|
Migratory [2]
|
Migratory [3]
|
Resident [1]
|
Resident [1]
|
Migration Distance |
Currently unknown |
Currently unknown |
Fall:
~2660 ± 59 km; Spring: 2147 ± 69 km
[4]
|
Fall: >1000 km
[3]
|
N/A |
N/A |
Nesting Location |
Rocky cavities [5]
|
Cavities
in various human-made objects or nest boxes [6]
|
Rocky nesting cavities in Arctic tundra [7]
|
Cavities in various human-made objects or nest boxes
[8]
|
Rocky cavities on the ground
[1]
|
Rocky cavities on the ground
[1]
|
Clutch size |
5-6 eggs [5]
|
3-8 eggs
[9]
|
5-7 eggs [10]
|
5-7
eggs [8,11]
|
Currently unknown |
Currently
unknown |
# of broods per year |
1 [6]
|
1, but can be 2 if
weather conditions are favourable [9]
|
1
[7]
|
1, but can be 2 if weather conditions are
favourable [8]
|
Currently unknown |
Currently
unknown |
Wintering location |
Currently unknown |
Currently unknown |
Manitoba,
Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada [4]
|
Siberian
steppe [3]
|
N/A |
N/A |
Breeding season |
May-July [12]
|
May- July
[6]
|
Late May-Aug [7,10]
|
May-July [8]
|
May-Sept
[1]
|
May-Sept
[1]
|