Alert, NU, Canada (A) Utqiagvik (Barrow), AK, USA (U) Mitivik (East Bay) Island, NU, Canada (M) Svalbard, Norway (S) Aleutian Islands, AK, USA (AI) Pribilof Islands, AK, USA (PI)
Subspecies [1] Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi
Migratory/ Resident
Migratory [1]
Migratory [1]
Migratory [2]
Migratory [3]
Resident [1]
Resident [1]
Migration Distance Currently unknown Currently unknown Fall: ~2660 ± 59 km; Spring: 2147 ± 69 km [4] Fall: >1000 km [3] N/A N/A
Nesting Location Rocky cavities [5] Cavities in various human-made objects or nest boxes [6] Rocky nesting cavities in Arctic tundra [7] Cavities in various human-made objects or nest boxes [8] Rocky cavities on the ground [1] Rocky cavities on the ground [1]
Clutch size 5-6 eggs [5] 3-8 eggs [9] 5-7 eggs [10] 5-7 eggs [8,11] Currently unknown Currently unknown
# of broods per year 1 [6] 1, but can be 2 if weather conditions are favourable [9] 1 [7] 1, but can be 2 if weather conditions are favourable [8] Currently unknown Currently unknown
Wintering location Currently unknown Currently unknown Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada [4] Siberian steppe [3] N/A N/A
Breeding season May-July [12] May- July [6] Late May-Aug [7,10] May-July [8] May-Sept [1] May-Sept [1]