3.3 Small, coordinated changes in expression of genes
belonging to the same functional categories
Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified Gene Ontology (GO)
terms/functional categories, across all three GO categories (biological
process, molecular function, and cellular component), that were
significantly affected by CO2 treatment, indicating
small, coordinated changes in expression of the genes belonging to each
of these functional categories. We identified ninety-nine significant
functional categories in the CNS; 75 upregulated and 24 downregulated at
elevated CO2 (Figure 2C). These functional categories
included those involved in transcription, RNA processing, translation,
protein processing, the cell cycle and cell proliferation, and
neurotransmission (Figures 3 and S23). There were 17 significant
functional categories in the eyes; 12 upregulated and 5 downregulated at
elevated CO2 (Figure 2C). Ten functional categories were
significantly affected by CO2 treatment in both the CNS
and eyes including functions related to the ribosome and translation,
ion channels, kinase activity, protein degradation and cell adhesion
(Figures 3 and S23).