Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Assays were performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol (CUSABIO BIOTECH, Wuhan, China), using mouse IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS ELISA kits to detect supernatants of BMDMs culture, mouse serum, or colon tissue homogenate, and using human IL-1β, IL-18 ELISA kits to detect the supernatant of THP-1 cells culture.