Efficacies of prophylactic HPV vaccination for cervical
abnormalities and each type of HPV infection in J-HERS 2021
None of the vaccinated patients had ASCH+ or HSIL+. Comparison with
unvaccinated patients suggested that the prevalences of ASCH+ and HSIL+
(CIN2 or 3) had both decreased by 100% (Table 1). There was no
significant difference in LSIL (CIN1), although a marginally decreased
prevalence was observed for LSIL/ASCH+ (CIN1, 2) among vaccinated
patients versus unvaccinated patients.
Regarding cervical HPV infection, the prevalences of HPV16 and HPV18
were 0.33% and 0.0%, respectively, among vaccinated patients, while
those in unvaccinated were 6.6% and 2.7%, respectively (Fig. 2). This
finding suggests that HPV vaccination reduced the prevalence of HPV16 by
95% (OR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.0047–0.273; P < 0.0001) and HPV18
by 100% (OR, 0.00; 95% CI, 0.000–0.458; P = 0.0013) among vaccinated
patients, compared with unvaccinated patients. The reduction rate of
either HPV16 or HPV18 (i.e., HPV16/18) was 97% (OR, 0.03; 95% CI,
0.0034–0.191, P<0.0001). In contrast, the prevalences
increased for HPV51 (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.23–3.64; P = 0.0086) and
HPV59 (OR, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.77–7.54; P = 0.0006) (Fig. 2A). However,
there were no differences in other high-risk, probable high-risk, and
low-risk HPV types (Fig.2B), including HPV6 and HPV11 (Fig.2A), which
are the target types of the quadrivalent vaccine.
Among the different age groups, the prevalence of HPV16 significantly
decreased in the 22- to 27-year and 28- to 33-year age groups after
vaccination, whereas the prevalence of HPV18 infection decreased, but
not significant in any age group (Fig. 3). The prevalence of HPV58
increased in the vaccinated 22- to 27-year age group (P = 0.0189), and
the prevalence of HPV59 increased in the 28- to 33-year age group (P =
0.0025). No difference in the prevalences of HPV51 were observed in any
age group.