3.6 NSC-Exos improves the inflammatory response of microglia
​The inflammatory response mediated by microglia is an important post-stroke link. qPCR and western blotting were used to detect M1 and M2 related cytokine expression in microglia. Western blot results show that M1 microglia related molecules are significantly activated after injury. Compared with Sham group, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CD86 and iNOS in IRI group and PBS group were increased (P< 0.05). Compared with IRI group and PBS group, the expression of these corresponding factors was down-regulated in NSC-Exos group (P< 0.05, Fig. 5a-f). After MCAO treatment, M2 microglia-related molecules were significantly inhibited, and the expression of Arg1 and CD206 in IRI and PBS groups was decreased compared with Sham group (P< 0.05). After transplantation of NSC-Exos, their expression was significantly increased in the NSC-Exos group compared with the IRI and PBS groups (P< 0.05, Fig. 6a,b,c). This result was also verified by the same qPCR, which was consistent with the protein expression level (Fig. 6d,e,f), indicating that treatment with NSC-Exos could inhibit the activation of M1 pro-inflammatory and up-regulate the polarization of M2 anti-inflammatory.