2.12 | Statistical analysis
All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 8 software (San Diego, USA) and SPSS 20 (IBM, USA). Testing for normality and homogeneity of variance was performed on the data from each group. If the data obeyed normal distribution and had equal variance, comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA. If equal variances were not assumed, the Kruskal–Wallis H test was performed to compare variables among groups. The Mann–Whitney test was used for intergroup comparisons. P -value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.