2.2 | Setting and participant
We conducted this study in the obstetrics policlinic of a state hospital between October and November 2020. The population of the study consisted of all pregnant women who were admitted to antenatal control to the pregnant outpatient clinic. The sample size was calculated by using the sample size formula used in the estimation of the mass ratio from an infinite population. According to this calculation, 351 pregnant women constituted the sample of the study. This formula is described below.
n = z²pq / d²
n = Number of individuals to be included in the sample.
p = Frequency/probability of occurrence of the event (0.5).
q = Frequency/probability of non-occurrence of the event (1-p = 0.5).
z = Theoretical value from the table z for a high degree of freedom at a given confidence level (1.96 for 95% confidence interval).
d = Standard error of the ratio to be determined in the study (0.05 for 95% confidence interval). n = 1.96² x 0.5 x 0.5 / 0.05² = 351
The inclusion criteria of the study were being at least primary school graduates, volunteering to participate in the research, being over 20 years old, being pregnant at least 12 weeks (by USG), having a low-risk pregnancy, and not being diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy. The pregnant women who could not read and write in Turkish, those with hearing and visual impairment, high-risk pregnancy, and a known psychiatric disorder were excluded from the study.