Esophageal squamous carcinoma xenografts
Human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell xenografts were generated by subcutaneously injecting 2×106 KYSE150 cells suspended with PBS/Matrigel into the right flank region of 6-week-old BALB/c nude mice (Zhang et al. , 2016). Tumor growth was monitored once per 5-days after implantation. When subcutaneous tumors reached an average size of>100 mm3, mice were treatments intragastrically with ixazomib or vehicle (5% DMSO+45% PEG300+ddH2O) were then initiated. During the study, Mice were weighed per 10-days during and after the drug-treatments. Tumor volumes were calculated using the formula V= length×width2×0.5, where length and width represent the longer and shorter tumor diameters, respectively. All procedures were performed in accordance to approved protocols by the Fudan University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Every effort was made to minimize potential distress, pain, or discomfort to the animals throughout all experiments.