Participants
Women with pre-existing diabetes mellitus (Type 1 or Type 2) who gave birth to a singleton non-anomalous infant via elective caesarean section between 36+0 and 38+6 weeks gestation between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2019 were included in this study. Elective caesarean section was defined as a caesarean section performed prior to the onset of labour and included indications such as, previous caesarean section, suspected macrosomia, non-reassuring fetal status, malpresentation or maternal choice. Women who were planned for an elective caesarean section who presented in labour or with prelabour rupture of membranes were excluded. The two hospitals included a tertiary level hospital, with over 7,000 deliveries per annum and a large metropolitan hospital with 5,500 deliveries per annum.