Fig. 8. Structure of SLA [85].
Researchers have reviewed that archaeosome possesses strong immune
adjuvant activity for induction of cell-mediated immunity [86].
However, traditional archaeosome formulations are complex. SLA is a
simpler formulation that possesses immunostimulatory properties and
elicit an CD 8+ T cell response [87]. Moreover, it
also induces strong adjuvant effect on the production of multiple
cytokines/chemokines including IL-6, G-CSF, KC & MI P-2, and CTL
activity[88].
To confirm the potential immunostimulatory of SLA, Stark et al. have
evaluated it as an adjuvant with different antigens, including ovalbumin
(OVA) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) [89]. The result
revealed that SLA has strong adjuvant activity, and it attractively
superior to various other established adjuvants including TLR3/4/9
agonists, oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions and aluminum hydroxide
(Fig. 9).