Summary
Cancer is still a major threat for human life, and the cancer
immunotherapy can be more optimized to prolong life. However, the effect
of immunotherapy is not encouraging. In order to achieve outstanding
immune effect, it is necessary to strengthen antigens uptake of antigen
presenting cells. Adjuvants were
added to vaccines to achieve this purpose, which could be divided into
two types: as an immunostimulatory molecule, the innate immunities of
the body were triggered; or as a delivery carrier, and antigens were
cross-delivery through the ”cytoplasmic pathway” and released at a
specific location. This paper reviewed the relevant research status of
tumor vaccine immune adjuvants in recent years. Among the
review, the function, combination
strategies and derivatives of
lipid A were discussed in detail.
In addition, some suggestions on
the existing problems and research direction of lipids as tumor vaccine
adjuvants were put forward.
Keywords: tumor immunotherapy, adjuvant, TLR4, lipid-based,
liposomes