Diagnostic Methods
Direct microscopy and histopathology demonstrating invasive fungal
pathogens in the sinonasal mucosa served as the gold standard for
diagnosis of AIFR. Cultures were used for identification of the fungal
pathogen. Panfungal PCR, which was first introduced to our institution
in 2011, was used for rapid detection of the fungal species in addition
to the standard detection methods.
All patients underwent computed tomography (CT) scans of the head and
sinuses, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used in cases where
intracranial complications were suspected.