Methods
This single-center randomized controlled trial enrolled children between 1-144 months of age who were admitted to the intensive care unit of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics over a period of 36 months (June 1, 2017–June 1, 2020), and required vancomycin therapy. These children were randomly assigned to the CIV and IIV groups. The demographic, index of PK/PD such as the ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h [AUC0–24h] to the minimum inhibitory concentration [AUC0–24h/MIC]), outcomes, and drug-related adverse effects were collected and analyzed.