Study populations
A total of 76 ESRD patients who received hemodialysis three times a week
in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from March 2022
to November 2023 were selected. There were 40 males and 36 females with
an average age of 48.9 ± 13.0 years. Exclusion criteria: (1) patients
with poor echocardiographic image quality; (2) Patients with persistent
atrial fibrillation or severe arrhythmia; (3) Patients with LVEF
< 45% or records of ischemic heart disease; (4) Severe
valvular heart disease and patients after valvular heart disease
operation. In addition, 30 healthy people in the same period were
selected as the control group. The research was in accordance with the
Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committee of the
First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Written informed
consent was obtained from each patient.