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\begin{document}

\title{High-precision measurement of 36 SF 5 + signal using the MAT 253 Ultra
isotope-ratio mass spectrometer}



\author[1]{Xiang Sun}%
\author[1]{Fengtai Tong}%
\author[1]{Yongbo Peng}%
\author[1]{Huiming Bao}%
\affil[1]{Nanjing University}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 28, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
\textbf{Rationale:} The \selectlanguage{greek}Δ \selectlanguage{english}\textsuperscript{36}S standard deviation (SD)
measured in a conventional isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) such
as MAT 253 is at \emph{c.a.} 0.1%0 to 0.3%0. At this precision, it is
difficult to resolve the origin of non-mass-dependent sulfur (NMD-S)
isotope fractionation in the tropospheric sulfate aerosol and in Martian
meteorites or small deviations from the canonical mass-dependent
fractionation laws. Interfering ions (originated from fluorination
and/or mass spectrometer ion source itself) with m/z at 131 of
\textsuperscript{36}SF \textsubscript{5} \textsuperscript{+} by the
community as the cause of the poor precision, but the exact ion species
has not been identified or confirmed. \textbf{Methods:} Here we examined
the potential interfering ions by using the Thermo Scientific MAT 253
Ultra, a high-resolution (mass resolving powers up to 40,000) stable
isotope-ratio mass spectrometer, to measure the SF \textsubscript{6}
working gas and SF \textsubscript{6} gases converted from IAEA-S1 Ag
\textsubscript{2}S reference materials via a fluorination system.
\textbf{Results:} We found that there is a resolvable peak to the right
of the \textsuperscript{36}SF \textsubscript{5} \textsuperscript{+} peak
for both the SF \textsubscript{6} working gas and SF \textsubscript{6}
generated by the fluorination system. The peak is identified as the
\textsuperscript{12}C \textsubscript{3}F \textsubscript{5}
\textsuperscript{+} ion, generated inside the instrument during the
ionization process. By minimizing the presence of carbon-bearing
compounds (e.g., organic matter in sample or helium gas, glue or o-ring
in sample tubes, or carbon-bearing gases inside the mass spectrometer),
we were able to achieve a \selectlanguage{greek}Δ \selectlanguage{english}\textsuperscript{36}S SD of 0.046%0 (n=8) for
SF \textsubscript{6} zero-enrichment and 0.069%0 (n=8) for overall
measurement start from sliver sulfide IAEA-S1. \textbf{Conclusions:}
Minimizing the presence of carbon-bearing compounds and avoiding the
interfering signals from \textsuperscript{36}SF \textsubscript{5}
\textsuperscript{+} via MAT 253 Ultra high-resolution isotope-ratio mass
spectrometer, we can improve \selectlanguage{greek}Δ \selectlanguage{english}\textsuperscript{36}S measurement
precision by 2 to 5 folds, which helps to open new territories for
research using quadruple sulfur isotope composition.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Manuscript-RCM.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/765191/articles/769696-high-precision-measurement-of-36-sf-5-signal-using-the-mat-253-ultra-isotope-ratio-mass-spectrometer}

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