Examples of adaptive capacity indicators (ARCAB 2012, GEF 2011)
Outcome: Changes in value assets
-
Physical: Existence/quality of physical barriers to flooding
-
Financial: Level of household’s savings, number of people with access
to microcredit
-
Social: Number of people, formal or informal institutions, which the
climate-vulnerable poor feel they can get help from against hardship
and crisis
-
Human: Number of people in household with a defined level of education
Outcome: Livelihood outcomes
-
Income level/diversity of income stream
-
Level of food security
Outcome: Increased knowledge and understanding of climate variability
and change-induced risks at country level or in targeted areas
-
Relevant risk information circulated to stakeholders
-
Updated risk and vulnerability assessment
Outcome: Strengthened adaptive capacity to reduce risks to climate
induced economic losses
-
Number and type of targeted institutions with increased adaptive
capacity to reduce risks of and response to climate change
-
Reduced annual property losses from baseline
-
Number of staff of national and regional centres trained on technical
adaptation themes (i.e. monitoring and forecasting capacity, policy
reform, and sustainable forest management)
Examples of indicators measuring reduction in vulnerability (GEF,
2011)
Outcome: Based on development sector that the project targets
-
Infection rate of population to climate-sensitive diseases as compared
with past population infected per year in similar climatic conditions
(percentage change disaggregated by gender)
-
Number of additional people with access to safe water supply and basic
sanitation services given existing and projected climate change
(number disaggregated by gender)
-
Increase in water supply in targeted areas (tons/m3)
-
Percentage change in projected food production in targeted areas given
existing and projected climate change (tons/year)
-
Percentage of population with access to improved flood and drought
management (percentage disaggregated by gender)
Impact indicators measure the long-term effects of project outcomes and
capture the change in adaptive capacity and resilience to climate shocks
of both human and natural systems. The assessment of such a change with
respect to the baseline level determines the impact of the adaptation
intervention. Thanks to the adaptation process facilitated by the
project, increased resilience and adaptive capacity should be achieved
in relation to (AFB 2011, World Bank, 2009):
-
Current climate variability: impact evaluation can be carried out a
few years after completion of the project.
-
Long-term climatic trends: impact evaluation should ideally be carried
out at regular intervals for many years after project completion
Towards an Integrated Framework
In
addition to the four key components of the general evaluation framework
outlined above (i.e. evaluation criteria, theory of change, logical
framework and project indicators), an integrated evaluation framework
(see Figure 2) for adaptation projects should comprise two fundamental
elements, namely the quantification and scoring of the evaluation
criteria and the inclusion of multiple outcomes.