The two papers below are some of the most cutting edge experiments done into understanding a very important pathway that plays a crucial role during developmental patterning.
  1. Warmflash A, Zhang Q, Sorre B, Vonica A, Siggia ED, Brivanlou AH. Dynamics of TGF-β signaling reveal adaptive and pulsatile behaviors reflected in the nuclear localization of transcription factor Smad4. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012 Jul 9;109(28):E1947–56.
  2. Sorre B, Warmflash A, Brivanlou AH, Siggia ED. Encoding of Temporal Signals by the TGF-β Pathway and Implications for Embryonic Patterning. Developmental Cell. 2014 Aug;30(3):334–42.
At the end of the paper by Sorre et al. you will find a concise description of a model.