A Rare Cause of Hemoptysis in Children; Bronchial artery to Pulmonary
Artery Fistula in Healthy Child
Abstract
Abstract Hemoptysis is a rare, life-threatening condition in childhood
defined as bleeding into the lungs due to underlying disorders or
respiratory tract abnormalities. The bleeding from an arterial
malformation to normal lung segments without underlying cardiovascular
or pulmonary disorders is widely reported in adults but extremely rare
in the pediatric age group. Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare
vascular malformation complicated with a bronchial artery to pulmonary
artery (BA PA) fistula. BAAs are life-threatening conditions because of
the substantial risk of rupture that can cause massive hemoptysis. In
such a case, BAA embolization (BAAE) has become essential management. We
report here previously healthy child presented with massive hemoptysis
due to systemic-pulmonary fistula, which was bleeding controlled by
BAAE.