Abstract
Abstract Aim: This study’s aim was to evaluate the epidemiological
characteristics of COVID-19 patients and risk factors affecting
mortality. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1003 patients
whose PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) test were positive for SARS-CoV-2
in XXX province until July 2020. Results: Of the patients evaluated,
88% were adults and 12% of them were children (<18 years
old). While 24.2% of all patients, and 40.8% of the patients under the
age of 18 were asymptomatic. The most common symptoms in adults were
fatigue (47.9%), myalgia (44.7%), loss of smell and taste (32.4%),
and the symptoms in children were fever (37.5%), fatigue (12.5%) and
myalgia (11.7%). Pneumonia was observed in 35.4% of COVID-19 patients.
Pneumonia was associated with advanced age, lack of BCG vaccination,
presence of additional disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
cardiovascular, respiratory and kidney disease. Overall case-fatality
rate was 2.6 percent. The mean age of the patients who died was 76.5
years. The mortality rate in patients over 65 years of age was found to
be %11.5. In multivariate analysis, presence of nephrological disease,
neurological disease, cardiovascular disease, cigarette exposure,
dyspnea, loss of smell and taste, presence of diabetes mellitus, being
over 65 years of age, number of drugs used and income status were found
to be determinative factors. Conclusion: We found that the independent
risk factors for COVID-19 mortality included older age, history of
neurological, nephrological, or cardiovascular disease, smoking, and
dyspnea symptom. In addition, we found patients with disturbed smell and
taste had a better prognosis. Knowing the determinants of mortality can
help clinicians to predict patients’ prognosis at an earlier stage.
Keywords: COVID 19; epidemiology; pneumonia; mortality