Subtitle: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Risk ReductionFull author listMaxwell P. Kligerman, MD, MPH1,2; Neelaysh Vukkadala, MD1,2; Raymond K Y Tsang, FRCS Ed (ORL) MS3; John B. Sunwoo, MD1; F. Christopher Holsinger, MD1; Jason Y K Chan, FRCS Ed (ORL)4; Edward J. Damrose, MD, MPH1,2; Ann Kearney, CScD CCC-SLP, BCS-S2; Heather M. Starmer, MA, CCC-SLP, BCS-S11 Division of Head and Neck Surgery, 2 Division of Laryngology Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A., 3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, 4 Division of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR