Abstract

Mixed vaginitis is caused by the simultaneous presence of at least two vaginal pathogens, contributing to an abnormal vaginal milieu and leading to vaginal symptoms and signs. However, associations between symptoms and microbes have not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, mixed vaginitis is an inflammatory condition that remains underrecognized. Mixed vaginitis generally involves the formation of mixed biofilms. The specific characteristics of mixed biofilms, especially their enhanced drug resistance and their ability to evade components of the host immune response, make them of high clinical importance. This review summarizes the relevant clinical data to improve clinical knowledge about mixed vaginitis.