Abstract
Abstract The tremendous global surging of the African Swine Fever Virus
(ASFV) threatens pig industries worldwide. ASFV causes acute hemorrhagic
fever in domestic pigs with near enough 100 % mortality, whereas immune
in its natural host’s warthogs, bush-pigs, and the soft tick vector.
ASFV is a large cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA virus that replicates
mainly in macrophages. At present, infected animals can only be managed
by quarantine and removal of infected animals as lack of effective
vaccines and treatment. This review focus on mechanisms by which ASFV
enter, replicate, modulate, molecular hijacking and overpowered the host
immune system. Various machinery employed by ASFV discussed, such as
overcoming barriers to replication in the monocyte/macrophage,
inhibition of apoptosis, inhibition of inflammatory responses, ASFV
adhesion protein CD2v. This review exposes ASFV evasion strategies and
virus-host interactions, thus reveal promising vaccine development
ideas.