Magnesium supplementation may not be protective against carboplatin
induced nephrotoxicity but may be beneficial for children suffering
malignancies : a Randomized Clinical Trial
Abstract
Background: Magnesium oxide is proposed to be effective in prevention of
nephrotoxic impact of carboplatin therapy. The aim was to evaluate the
magnesium oxide supplementation effect on serum creatinine, blood urea
nitrogen (BUN) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cancerous
children. Methods: 18 children were treated with 250 mg/day magnesium
oxide and other 18 children with placebo for 14 days before onset of
carboplatin chemotherapy based on the routine protocols in oncology.
Serum creatinine (Cr), BUN and GFR were measured and compared before, on
day 3 and 7 of magnesium carboplatin therapy. Results: There were 7
(38.89%) and 12 (66.67%) male patients in treatment and control
groups, respectively. Serum Cr and BUN were increased significantly 3
and 7 days after intervention in both groups. There was an insignificant
difference for serum Cr and BUN between treatment and control groups
before intervention, 3 days or 7 days after carboplatin administration
onset (p> 0.05). The GFR was reduced significantly from
101.38±14.67 to 90.11±10.52 mL/min/1.73m² in treatment and from
97.5±9.71 to 92.33±10.61 mL/min/1.73m² in control group. After 7 days
the GFR was reduced to 84.11±12.47 mL/min/1.73m² in treatment and
85.38±10.66 mL/min/1.73m² in control group (p= 0.371). Conclusion:
Current study shows that magnesium supplementation did not prevent
carboplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancerous children. Anyway, we
propose magnesium oxide supplementation for such patients considering
this fact that magnesium in an essential element for cell and tissue
growth, maintenance and metabolism.