Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a common malignancy in adolescents. For relapsed/refractory disease many regimens have been proposed and novel agents are increasingly used. Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) is an antiCD30 antibody-drug conjugate used as single agent or in combination with classical regimens mainly in adults, while limited is the experience in paediatrics. We report here on two boys with aggressive and high-risk relapsed HL, successfully treated with the BV plus DHAP regimen as induction salvage treatment. Our experience provides initial real-world evidence on the use of BV-DHAP as first-line salvage therapy for high-risk relapsed/refractory HL and expands the current therapeutic choices.

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma is a rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma, primarily arising in brain and spinal cord tissue, leptomeninges and vitreoretinal eye. Pediatric PCNSLs are even rarer. We describe the case of a boy presenting with seizures and a suspected brain meningioma, but a final diagnosis of ALK+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. We conducted a qualitative systematic review following the ENTREQ framework on pediatric cases of PCNSL, identifying only nine cases of brain ALCL. Our work describes the high frequency of misdiagnosis correlating with poor prognosis, and highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach considering ALCL among differential diagnosis.

Background: Music therapy (MT) is a complementary therapy offered to children, young adults and their families in pediatric oncology and palliative care. We performed a survey to collect information about MT in pediatric oncology in Italy. The outbreak of COVID-19 unavoidably changed the scenario of MT, suggesting some considerations presented in this survey. Methods: 27/32 (84,4%) Centres belonging to the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AEIOP) completed in 2 different time points (T1 and T2) an online survey on MT, before and after Covid-19 pandemia. Results: Different kinds of music approach were used taking care of patients in 21/27 centers, while in 14/21 (66%) a specific project of MT conducted by a music therapist was present. In 6/14 Centres MT activities were delivered for <3 hours/week, in 3 Centres for >3 and <10 hours/week, in the remaining 5 for >3 hours/week. MT sessions were in different areas, day hospital or ward (patient rooms, operating rooms, waiting rooms), on an individual basis or by groups. Patients were invited to MT by psychologists, caring physician or nurse, or on equipé decision. MT was evaluated with tools self-made by Music therapist in 11/14 centres. After Covid-19. MT has been withdrawal in 3 centres, sessions in the waiting rooms were reduced, individual sessions were preferred and enrollment by multidisciplinary teams increased. Conclusion: This survey represents the starting platform to compare and discuss different experience of MT in AIEOP Centres, to implement MT in pediatric oncology for a more qualified assistance to patients and to improve quality of care.

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) , multidrug resistant (MDR) threatens children undergoing chemotherapy. A previous survey reported increase of bloodstream infections and colonization in a 2 year-observation time. To test the efficacy of the measures put in place , a second survey was performed. Data were collected from 13 Italian pediatric cancer centers of AIEOP network. The colonization rate per 1000 hospitalizations days was 0.5 (0.37-0.65) not different from the 0.48 rate (0.36-0.63) observed previously .Yet the 0.12 rate of bacteriemia (0.07-0.21) compared favorably with the 0.42 (0.31-0.57) observed. The awareness of colonization status allowed reducing CPE related morbidity and mortality.