Abstract Purpose: There are an increased number of reports being published on rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia recently. We aimed to identify and critically evaluate all the descriptive studies that described the rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia, its treatment approach, and their outcomes. Methodology: PubMed and grey literature databases were searched from inception to January 2021 using search terms “rasburicase” and “methemoglobinemia” without any language and date restriction. A bibliographic search was also done to find additional studies. Only descriptive studies on Rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia were included for our review. Two contributors worked independently on study selection, data abstraction, and quality assessment, and any disagreements were resolved by consensus or discussion with a third reviewer. Result: A total of 22 reports including 25 patients (21 male, 3 female patients, and 1 study did not specify the gender of the patient) aged from 6 to 75 years were included in the review. Immediate withdrawal of the drug and administering methylene blue, ascorbic acid, blood transfusion, and supportive oxygen therapy are the cornerstone in the management of rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia. Conclusion: Rasburicase administration should be followed by careful monitoring of patients for any severe complication and treat it as early as possible appropriately. In a patient who presents with rasburicase-induced haemolysis or methemoglobinemia, it is often important to expect a diagnosis of G6PD deficiency unless otherwise confirmed and to avoid administering methylene blue, even though the patient is from a low-risk ethnicity for G6PDD. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42021234132

ABSTRACT Purpose: Recently, there is an increased number of reports being published on catheter-induced spinal epidural abscess (SEA). This review aims to identify and critically evaluate all the descriptive studies that report the SEA due to catheterization and its presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes. Methodology: A literature search was performed in the PubMed database using MeSH terms “epidural abscess” AND “renal dialysis” from inception to January 2021 without any language restriction. Google Scholar, grey literature databases (GreyNet. OpenGrey, Grey literature Report, BIOSIS Previews), and the bibliographic search of included studies were carried out to find the additional studies. Descriptive studies describing the SEA induced by catheter usage were included in the review. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by two independent reviewers any disagreement was resolved by discussing with the third reviewer. Results: Data of 6 studies were retrieved for this review which includes 11 patients (5 females and 6 males) aged from 26 to 79 years old. The most common patient’s presentation was back pain, high-grade fever, quadriparesis, neck pain, drowsy, and altered mental status. The most common isolated microorganism from the blood and catheter tip was Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The most common findings in all the patients were elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and leucocyte count. Conclusion: Clinicians must be aware of the possibilities of SEA initiated by catheter usage to prevent further consequences. Aggressive antibiotic therapy along with surgical intervention are the cornerstones in the management of SEA. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are important factors that decide the mortality and morbidity in patients with SEA. Keywords: Catheter; Dialysis; Spinal epidural abscess; Systematic review; Case report Protocol registration: International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) ID: CRD42021233375