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Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains in Severe Asthma Patient: could they be a new biomarker?
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  • Cristiano Caruso,
  • Gabriele Ciasca,
  • * Baglivo,
  • Riccardo Di Santo,
  • Antonio Gasbarrini,
  • Davide Firinu,
  • Diego Bagnasco,
  • Giovanni Passalacqua,
  • Michele Schiappoli,
  • Marco Caminati,
  • Giorgio Walter Canonica,
  • Enrico Heffler,
  • Claudia Crimi,
  • Rossella Intravaia,
  • Basile V.,
  • Mariapaola Marino,
  • stefania colantuono,
  • Stefano R. Del Giacco
Cristiano Caruso
Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Dipartimento di scienze mediche e chirurgiche

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Gabriele Ciasca
Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Campus di Roma
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* Baglivo
Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Campus di Roma
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Riccardo Di Santo
Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Campus di Roma
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Antonio Gasbarrini
Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Campus di Roma
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Davide Firinu
Universita degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanita Pubblica
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Diego Bagnasco
IRCCS Policlinico San Martino
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Giovanni Passalacqua
IRCCS Policlinico San Martino
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Michele Schiappoli
Universita degli Studi di Verona Dipartimento di Medicina
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Marco Caminati
Universita degli Studi di Verona Dipartimento di Medicina
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Giorgio Walter Canonica
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital
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Enrico Heffler
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital
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Claudia Crimi
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico G Rodolico San Marco
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Rossella Intravaia
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone
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Basile V.
Istituto Regina Elena Dipartimento Clinica e Ricerca Oncologica
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Mariapaola Marino
Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Campus di Roma
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stefania colantuono
Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Dipartimento di scienze mediche e chirurgiche
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Stefano R. Del Giacco
Universita degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanita Pubblica
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Abstract

Background: Increasing evidence are available about the presence of increased serum concentration of Immunoglobulin (Ig) Free Light Chains (FLCs) in both atopic and non-atopic inflammatory diseases, including severe asthma, providing a possible new biomarker of disease, disease severity and also an alternative approach to the treatment. Methods: We analyzed clinical and laboratory data, including FLCs, obtained from a cohort of 79 asthmatic subjects, clinically classified into different GINA steps. A control group of 40 age-matched healthy donors (HD) was considered. Particularly, HD have been selected according to the absence of monoclonal components (in order to exclude paraproteinemias), were tested for total IgE (that were in the normal ranges) and were negative for aeroallergens specific IgE. Moreover, no abnormality of common inflammatory markers (i.e. erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein) was detectable. Results: FLC-k levels were significantly increased in the asthmatic population, compared to the control group. Despite the absence of statistically significant differences in FLC-λ levels, the FLC-k/FLC-λ ratio displayed remarkable differences between the two groups. A positive correlation between FLC-κ and FLC-λ levels was found. FLC- λ level displayed a significant negative correlation with the FEV1 value. Moreover, the FLC-κ /FLC- λ ratio was negatively correlated with the SNOT-22 score and a positive correlation was observed between FLCs and Staphylococcus Aureus IgE enterotoxins sensitization. Conclusions: Our findings confirmed the role of FLCs in asthma as a potential biomarker in an inflammatory disease characterized by different endotypes and phenotypes. In particular, FLC-κ and FLC-k/FLC-λ ratio could be a qualitative indicator for asthma, while FLC-λ levels could be a quantitative indicator for disease severity.
03 Aug 2023Submitted to Allergy
04 Aug 2023Submission Checks Completed
04 Aug 2023Assigned to Editor
04 Aug 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
10 Aug 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Sep 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
01 Feb 2024Submission Checks Completed
01 Feb 2024Assigned to Editor
01 Feb 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
01 Feb 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
08 Feb 2024Editorial Decision: Accept